Title: Salivary microbiota reflecting changes in subgingival microbiota

Journal: Microbiology Spectrum

Authors:  Jae-Suk Jung¹, Joong-Ki Kook², Soon-Nang Park², Yun Kyong Lim², Geum Hee Choi¹, Sunjin Kim¹, Suk Ji^1,*

Affiliations

 ¹ Department of Periodontology, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea 

 ² Department of Oral Biochemistry, Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea

 ^* Correspondence

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to determine whether subgingival micro bial changes according to the severity of periodontal disease and following the non surgical periodontal treatment of periodontitis are reflected in the saliva microbiota. Subgingival and saliva samples were collected from 7 periodontally healthy controls, 14 patients with gingivitis, 12 with moderate periodontitis, and 18 with severe periodontitis. Among subjects who received treatment, seven moderate and seven severe periodon titis patients were selected for post-treatment microbial analysis, and their samples were analyzed at baseline and 6 months after treatment. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced, and correlations of the relative abundance of phyla and health- or periodontitis-dominant species between subgingival plaque and saliva samples were analyzed using Spearman signed-rank tests. Alpha diversity was higher in saliva than subgingival plaque samples, and beta diversity was significantly different between the two samples. However, levels of phyla and most health- or periodonti tis-dominant species in salivary microbiota were significantly correlated with those in subgingival plaque. The improvement in clinical parameters following treatment was accompanied by a microbial shift not only in subgingival plaque but also in saliva. The abundance of 2 phyla including Bacteroidetes, 6 genera including Porphyromonas and Treponema, and 11 species including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Filifactor alocis was significantly reduced in saliva following treatment. These results indicate that the salivary microbiota can reflect changes in the subgingival microbiota, suggesting that saliva can be used as a diagnostic tool to monitor the periodontal health status of individuals.

Keywords: periodontal disease, saliva, subgingival plaque, microbiota, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Filifactor alocis

DOI:  https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01030-24

​Published: 4 October 2024

붙임: Salivary microbiota reflecting changes in subgingival microbiota.pdf